Yearly reminder that github still does not have an IPv6 address (2023)
Try the following:
$ nslookup github.com
[...]
Non-authoritative answer:
Name: github.com
Address: 140.82.121.3
See also the completely ignored post in their forums.
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There isn't 5 addresses per person in the US. They use NAT like everyone else. I think you know this though.
No the number is public. The IPv4 addresses allocated to the US are about 1.524 Billion, and there are ~332 million people in the US. Most of those IPv4 addresses are allocated to servers in datacenters, but individual people having a public IP for their house is really common. Yeah, your devices are behind NAT, but you can get one. To their point, in countries like India, people outnumber IPv4 addresses so much this isn't possible. Just getting people there online in a way they can interact with the IPv4 Internet is tricky to do well.
They are allocated in levels though, so you can't just get an individual unused address if the top level has been allocated to IBM or Cisco or the DoD. It's not democratic.