Why is pure oxygen called O2 when oxygen is an element?

ThatWeirdGuy1001@lemmy.world to Ask Lemmy@lemmy.world – 151 points –

Exactly as the title asks.

Pure oxygen is generally represented as O2 yet oxygen is an element of the periodic table. Why is it O2 and not just O?

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I don't know if anyone is interested but there would be more versions too. Solid oxygen (red oxygen) at high pressure used to be thought of as O4, tetraoxygen aka oxozone. But if you look at it with x-ray crystallography it's O8, octaoxygen. Cool huh

Is solid oxygen an amorphous mass of O4 and O8? Why doesn’t it form crystals?