Maybe NewPipe is something for you, as it has most of the features mentioned above and is easy to install via F-Droid. I'm using it for years now and really love it!
NewPipe does not have cast functionality and doesn't include Sponsorblock.
I think there even is an app called "NewPipe Sponsorblock" on F-Droid but I dunno about the cast function.
Maybe NewPipe is something for you, as it has most of the features mentioned above and is easy to install via F-Droid. I'm using it for years now and really love it!
NewPipe does not have cast functionality and doesn't include Sponsorblock.
I think there even is an app called "NewPipe Sponsorblock" on F-Droid but I dunno about the cast function.