A fully self-contained natively compiled C# Hello World, including GC and everything can be as small as ~440 kB

loren@sh.itjust.works to Programming@programming.dev – 0 points –
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Does it effectively output a single binary?

Yes, that's one of the points of NativeAOT, a self-contained single binary, exactly as Go does it.

Does it create some kind of clusterf*k and awkward packaging formats like other MS solutions such as UWP?

No, you can create .exe files.

Will it actually be deployable to a random fresh install of Debian 12 or Windows 10?

Yes, NativeAOT supports Windows, Linux and MacOS, x64 and Arm64.

What about compatibility with older systems?

Not sure about that, I suppose it depends on the targets each .NET version support. For example, .NET 8 will drop RHEL 7 and only RHEL 8 and later.

And to play devil's advocate: this won't work for all existing .NET applications. If you use reflection (which is AOT unfriendly), chances are that you will have to rework a ton of stuff in order to get to a point where NativeAOT works. There's a middle solution though, called ReadyToRun, which has some advantages compared to running fully with the JIT compiler.

Thank you for the link, so --self-contained will results in "a folder that has our exe and everything that is required to run it (...) a little over 200 files" while /p:PublishSingleFile=true will result in a 70MB file for a simple hello world. This kind of confirms my cheap satire :D it is nice this is an option now but the mess and size is crazy. Statically built Qt programs for Windows, with a GUI, are usually around 10MB for a simple app.

I’m pretty sure that 70MB is including the entire .NET standard library, which is massive. Enabling NativeAOT or trimming reduces the size down to a few MB