Vaultwarden is what I use: https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden/
Their wiki is pretty good assuming you're comfortable with Docker.
Back before I self-hosted, KeePassXC for desktop and Keepass2Android for mobile (along with Synching to sync the database) got the job done.
I have the same setup with Firefox and Bitwarden without issue. Do you happen to have Firefox setup for restricted battery usage? Android can be quite aggressive with that.