What claims are just not backed by historical facts?
To me, it's: That ancient people thought the Earth was flat.
We have records from around 430BC where Greek philosophers spoke of the Earth being a sphere. In 240BC the Greek astronomer Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the Earth and was only about 2% out.
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In general that old math theorems/ideas are named after the mathematicians who discovered them.
Pythagoras didn't discover the Pythagorean Theorem. Pascal didn't discover Pascal's Triangle. Fibonacci didn't discover the Fibonacci Sequence.