C'mon Vox...this article is straight garbage.
First you link to the wrong god damned instance of this case at SCOTUSBLOG (McKesson v Doe 2 instead of McKesson v Doe 3) you then don't link, or you know just post, Justice Sotomayor's remarks about why SCOTUS didn't hear this case for the third time.
Of course you probably chose not to link, or state, her full remarks because if you HAD then you wouldn't have been able to write that inflammatory headline.
SCOTUS already resolved this in 2023 with Counterman v. Colorado. It's right there on pages 14/15 in the linked PDF.
Modern Media is a raging dumpster fire of inflammatory bullshit.
Edit: In case it's not clear this Vox article was carefully crafted to leave the reader ignorant and outraged.
You can have both a labor shortage and mass unemployment. It occurs when workers are skilled for an industry with decreasing or no demand while another industry that requires different skills has increasing demand.
A good example of this is the high demand in the US for so called "Blue Collar" jobs. We have a shortage of trades people (Electricians, Plumbers, HVAC, etc) and far too many Business and Marketing people. There's 100,000 MBA's out there looking for a job and there's 100,000 Plumbing Contractors trying to hire someone.